Java 8系列之重新认识HashMap(二) - 教育改变生活

方法一：
static final int hash(Object key) { //jdk1.8 & jdk1.7
int h;
// h = key.hashCode() 为第一步取hashCode值
// h ^ (h >>> 16) 为第二步高位参与运算
return (key == null) ? 0 : (h = key.hashCode()) ^ (h >>> 16);
}
方法二：
static int indexFor(int h, int length) { //jdk1.7的源码，jdk1.8没有这个方法，但是实现原理一样的
return h & (length-1); //第三步取模运算
}

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1 public V put(K key, V value) {
2 // 对key的hashCode()做hash
3 return putVal(hash(key), key, value, false, true);
4 }
5
6 final V putVal(int hash, K key, V value, boolean onlyIfAbsent,
7 boolean evict) {
8 Node<K,V>[] tab; Node<K,V> p; int n, i;
9 // 步骤①：tab为空则创建
10 if ((tab = table) == null || (n = tab.length) == 0)
11 n = (tab = resize()).length;
12 // 步骤②：计算index，并对null做处理
13 if ((p = tab[i = (n - 1) & hash]) == null)
14 tab[i] = newNode(hash, key, value, null);
15 else {
16 Node<K,V> e; K k;
17 // 步骤③：节点key存在，直接覆盖value
18 if (p.hash == hash &&
19 ((k = p.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
20 e = p;
21 // 步骤④：判断该链为红黑树
22 else if (p instanceof TreeNode)
23 e = ((TreeNode<K,V>)p).putTreeVal(this, tab, hash, key, value);
24 // 步骤⑤：该链为链表
25 else {
26 for (int binCount = 0; ; ++binCount) {
27 if ((e = p.next) == null) {
28 p.next = newNode(hash, key,value,null);
//链表长度大于8转换为红黑树进行处理
29 if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD - 1) // -1 for 1st
30 treeifyBin(tab, hash);
31 break;
32 }
// key已经存在直接覆盖value
33 if (e.hash == hash &&
34 ((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) break;
36 p = e;
37 }
38 }
39
40 if (e != null) { // existing mapping for key
41 V oldValue = e.value;
42 if (!onlyIfAbsent || oldValue == null)
43 e.value = value;
44 afterNodeAccess(e);
45 return oldValue;
46 }
47 }
48 ++modCount;
49 // 步骤⑥：超过最大容量就扩容
50 if (++size > threshold)
51 resize();
52 afterNodeInsertion(evict);
53 return null;
54 }

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1 void resize(int newCapacity) { //传入新的容量
2 Entry[] oldTable = table; //引用扩容前的Entry数组
3 int oldCapacity = oldTable.length;
4 if (oldCapacity == MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) { //扩容前的数组大小如果已经达到最大(2^30)了
5 threshold = Integer.MAX_VALUE; //修改阈值为int的最大值(2^31-1)，这样以后就不会扩容了
6 return;
7 }
8
9 Entry[] newTable = new Entry[newCapacity]; //初始化一个新的Entry数组
10 transfer(newTable); //！！将数据转移到新的Entry数组里
11 table = newTable; //HashMap的table属性引用新的Entry数组
12 threshold = (int)(newCapacity * loadFactor);//修改阈值
13 }

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1 void transfer(Entry[] newTable) {
2 Entry[] src = table; //src引用了旧的Entry数组
3 int newCapacity = newTable.length;
4 for (int j = 0; j < src.length; j++) { //遍历旧的Entry数组
5 Entry<K,V> e = src[j]; //取得旧Entry数组的每个元素
6 if (e != null) {
7 src[j] = null;//释放旧Entry数组的对象引用（for循环后，旧的Entry数组不再引用任何对象）
8 do {
9 Entry<K,V> next = e.next;
10 int i = indexFor(e.hash, newCapacity); //！！重新计算每个元素在数组中的位置
11 e.next = newTable[i]; //标记[1]
12 newTable[i] = e; //将元素放在数组上
13 e = next; //访问下一个Entry链上的元素
14 } while (e != null);
15 }
16 }
17 }

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1 final Node<K,V>[] resize() {
2 Node<K,V>[] oldTab = table;
3 int oldCap = (oldTab == null) ? 0 : oldTab.length;
4 int oldThr = threshold;
5 int newCap, newThr = 0;
6 if (oldCap > 0) {
7 // 超过最大值就不再扩充了，就只好随你碰撞去吧
8 if (oldCap >= MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) {
9 threshold = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
10 return oldTab;
11 }
12 // 没超过最大值，就扩充为原来的2倍
13 else if ((newCap = oldCap << 1) < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY &&
14 oldCap >= DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY)
15 newThr = oldThr << 1; // double threshold
16 }
17 else if (oldThr > 0) // initial capacity was placed in threshold
18 newCap = oldThr;
19 else { // zero initial threshold signifies using defaults
20 newCap = DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY;
21 newThr = (int)(DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR * DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY);
22 }
23 // 计算新的resize上限
24 if (newThr == 0) {
25
26 float ft = (float)newCap * loadFactor;
27 newThr = (newCap < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY && ft < (float)MAXIMUM_CAPACITY ?
28 (int)ft : Integer.MAX_VALUE);
29 }
30 threshold = newThr;
31 @SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes"，"unchecked"})
32 Node<K,V>[] newTab = (Node<K,V>[])new Node[newCap];
33 table = newTab;
34 if (oldTab != null) {
35 // 把每个bucket都移动到新的buckets中
36 for (int j = 0; j < oldCap; ++j) {
37 Node<K,V> e;
38 if ((e = oldTab[j]) != null) {
39 oldTab[j] = null;
40 if (e.next == null)
41 newTab[e.hash & (newCap - 1)] = e;
42 else if (e instanceof TreeNode)
43 ((TreeNode<K,V>)e).split(this, newTab, j, oldCap);
44 else { // 链表优化重hash的代码块
45 Node<K,V> loHead = null, loTail = null;
46 Node<K,V> hiHead = null, hiTail = null;
47 Node<K,V> next;
48 do {
49 next = e.next;
50 // 原索引
51 if ((e.hash & oldCap) == 0) {
52 if (loTail == null)
53 loHead = e;
54 else
55 loTail.next = e;
56 loTail = e;
57 }
58 // 原索引+oldCap
59 else {
60 if (hiTail == null)
61 hiHead = e;
62 else
63 hiTail.next = e;
64 hiTail = e;
65 }
66 } while ((e = next) != null);
67 // 原索引放到bucket里
68 if (loTail != null) {
69 loTail.next = null;
70 newTab[j] = loHead;
71 }
72 // 原索引+oldCap放到bucket里
73 if (hiTail != null) {
74 hiTail.next = null;
75 newTab[j + oldCap] = hiHead;
76 }
77 }
78 }
79 }
80 }
81 return newTab;
82 }

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